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1. ADB 使用¶
1.1. 前言¶
ADB,全称 Android Debug Bridge,是 Android 的命令行调试工具,可以完成多种功能,如跟踪系统日志,上传下载文件,安装应用等。 1.2. 准备连接¶使用 adb 时,你需要: 用Micro USB 数据线连接设备和主机; 在跑 Android 的开发板上,选择 Settings -> USB,然后勾选 Connect to PC 选项。 基于你的系统安装 adb 驱动和命令。 当设备端状态栏提示 USB debugging connected 时,便可进行调试: adb devices adb shell 1.3. 网络 ADB¶设置 -> 开发者选项 -> 网络 ADB 调试 查看开发板 IP 地址,PC 端通过网络访问: adb connect + IP adb shell 1.4. Windows下的 ADB 安装¶首先参照安装 RK USB 驱动一节安装好驱动。 然后到 adb download 下载 adb.zip,解压到 C:\adb 以方便调用。 打开命令行窗口,输入: cd C:\adb adb shell如果一切正常,就可以进入 adb shell,在设备上面运行命令。 1.5. Ubuntu 下的 ADB 安装¶安装 ADB 工具: sudo apt-get install android-tools-adb加入设备标识: mkdir -p ~/.android vi ~/.android/adb_usb.ini # 添加以下一行 0x2207加入 udev 规则: sudo vi /etc/udev/rules.d/51-android.rules # 添加以下一行: SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="2207", MODE="0666"重新插拔 USB 线,或运行以下命令,让 udev 规则生效: sudo udevadm control --reload-rules sudo udevadm trigger重新启动 ADB 服务器 sudo adb kill-server adb start-server 1.6. 常用 ADB 命令¶ 1.6.1. 连接管理¶列出所有连接设备及其序列号: adb devices如果有多个连接设备,则需要使用序列号来区分: export ANDROID_SERIAL= adb shell ls多设备下连接指定设备 adb -s 序列号 shell可以通过网络来连接 ADB: # 让设备端的 adbd 重启,并在 TCP 端口 5555 处监听 adb tcpip 5555 # 此时可以断开 USB 连接 # 远程连接设备,设备的 IP 地址是 192.168.1.100 adb connect 192.168.1.100:5555 # 断开连接 adb disconnect 192.168.1.100:5555 1.7. 调试¶ 1.7.1. 获取系统日志 adb logcat¶用法 adb logcat [选项] [应用标签]示例 # 查看全部日志 adb logcat # 仅查看部分日志 adb logcat -s WifiStateMachine StateMachine 1.7.2. 运行命令 adb shell¶ 1.7.2.1. 获取详细运行信息 adb bugreport¶adb bugreport 用于错误报告,里面包含大量有用的信息。 示例 adb bugreport # 保存到本地,方便用编辑器查看 adb bugreport >bugreport.txt 1.7.3. root 权限¶如果 TARGET_BUILD_VARIANT 使用的是 userdebug 模式,要获得 root 权限,需要先运行: adb root让 ADB 的设备端切换到 root 权限模式,这样 adb remount 等需要 root 权限的命令才会成功。 1.8. 应用管理¶ 1.8.1. 安装应用 adb install¶用法: adb install [选项] 应用包.apk选项包括: -l forward-lock -r 重新安装应用,保留原先数据 -s 安装到 SD 卡上,而不是内部存储示例: # 安装 facebook.apk adb install facebook.apk # 升级 twitter.apk adb install -r twitter.apk如果安装成功,工具会返回成功提示 Success;失败的话,一般是以下几种情况: INSTALL_FAILED_ALREADY_EXISTS: 此时需要用 -r 参数来重新安装。 INSTALL_FAILED_SIGNATURE_ERROR: 应用的签名不一致,可能是发布版和调试版签名不同所致。如果确认 APK 文件签名正常,可以用 adb uninstall 命令先卸载旧的应用,然后再安装。 INSTALL_FAILED_INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE: 存储空间不足,需要检查设备存储情况。 1.8.2. 卸载应用 adb uninstall¶用法: adb uninstall 应用包名称示例: adb uninstall com.android.chrome应用包名称可以用以下命令列出: adb shell pm list packages -f运行结果是: package:/system/app/Bluetooth.apk=com.android.bluetooth前面是 apk 文件,后面则是对应的包名称。 1.8.3. 命令行帮助信息 adb help¶ Android Debug Bridge version 1.0.31 -a - directs adb to listen on all interfaces for a connection -d - directs command to the only connected USB device returns an error if more than one USB device is present. -e - directs command to the only running emulator. returns an error if more than one emulator is running. -s - directs command to the device or emulator with the given serial number or qualifier. Overrides ANDROID_SERIAL environment variable. -p - simple product name like 'sooner', or a relative/absolute path to a product out directory like 'out/target/product/sooner'. If -p is not specified, the ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT environment variable is used, which must be an absolute path. -H - Name of adb server host (default: localhost) -P - Port of adb server (default: 5037) devices [-l] - list all connected devices ('-l' will also list device qualifiers) connect [:] - connect to a device via TCP/IP Port 5555 is used by default if no port number is specified. disconnect [[:]] - disconnect from a TCP/IP device. Port 5555 is used by default if no port number is specified. Using this command with no additional arguments will disconnect from all connected TCP/IP devices. device commands: adb push [-p] - copy file/dir to device ('-p' to display the transfer progress) adb pull [-p] [-a] [] - copy file/dir from device ('-p' to display the transfer progress) ('-a' means copy timestamp and mode) adb sync [ ] - copy host->device only if changed (-l means list but don't copy) (see 'adb help all') adb shell - run remote shell interactively adb shell - run remote shell command adb emu - run emulator console command adb logcat [ ] - View device log adb forward --list - list all forward socket connections. the format is a list of lines with the following format: " " " " "\n" adb forward - forward socket connections forward specs are one of: tcp: localabstract: localreserved: localfilesystem: dev: jdwp: (remote only) adb forward --no-rebind - same as 'adb forward ' but fails if is already forwarded adb forward --remove - remove a specific forward socket connection adb forward --remove-all - remove all forward socket connections adb jdwp - list PIDs of processes hosting a JDWP transport adb install [-l] [-r] [-d] [-s] [--algo --key --iv ] - push this package file to the device and install it ('-l' means forward-lock the app) ('-r' means reinstall the app, keeping its data) ('-d' means allow version code downgrade) ('-s' means install on SD card instead of internal storage) ('--algo', '--key', and '--iv' mean the file is encrypted already) adb uninstall [-k] - remove this app package from the device ('-k' means keep the data and cache directories) adb bugreport - return all information from the device that should be included in a bug report. adb backup [-f ] [-apk|-noapk] [-obb|-noobb] [-shared|-noshared] [-all] [-system|-nosystem] [] - write an archive of the device's data to . If no -f option is supplied then the data is written to "backup.ab" in the current directory. (-apk|-noapk enable/disable backup of the .apks themselves in the archive; the default is noapk.) (-obb|-noobb enable/disable backup of any installed apk expansion (aka .obb) files associated with each application; the default is noobb.) (-shared|-noshared enable/disable backup of the device's shared storage / SD card contents; the default is noshared.) (-all means to back up all installed applications) (-system|-nosystem toggles whether -all automatically includes system applications; the default is to include system apps) ( is the list of applications to be backed up. If the -all or -shared flags are passed, then the package list is optional. Applications explicitly given on the command line will be included even if -nosystem would ordinarily cause them to be omitted.) adb restore - restore device contents from the backup archive adb help - show this help message adb version - show version num scripting: adb wait-for-device - block until device is online adb start-server - ensure that there is a server running adb kill-server - kill the server if it is running adb get-state - prints: offline | bootloader | device adb get-serialno - prints: adb get-devpath - prints: adb status-window - continuously print device status for a specified device adb remount - remounts the /system partition on the device read-write adb reboot [bootloader|recovery] - reboots the device, optionally into the bootloader or recovery program adb reboot-bootloader - reboots the device into the bootloader adb root - restarts the adbd daemon with root permissions adb usb - restarts the adbd daemon listening on USB adb tcpip - restarts the adbd daemon listening on TCP on the specified port networking: adb ppp [parameters] - Run PPP over USB. Note: you should not automatically start a PPP connection. refers to the tty for PPP stream. Eg. dev:/dev/omap_csmi_tty1 [parameters] - Eg. defaultroute debug dump local notty usepeerdns adb sync notes: adb sync [ ] can be interpreted in several ways: - If is not specified, both /system and /data partitions will be updated. - If it is "system" or "data", only the corresponding partition is updated. environmental variables: ADB_TRACE - Print debug information. A comma separated list of the following values 1 or all, adb, sockets, packets, rwx, usb, sync, sysdeps, transport, jdwp ANDROID_SERIAL - The serial number to connect to. -s takes priority over this if given. ANDROID_LOG_TAGS - When used with the logcat option, only these debug tags are printed. |
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